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Fredric John Warburg (27 November 1898 – 25 May 1981) was a British publisher best known for his association with the author George Orwell. During a career spanning a large part of the 20th century and ending in 1971 Warburg published Orwell's ''Animal Farm'' (1945) as well as ''Nineteen Eighty-Four'' (1949), as well as works by other leading figures such as Thomas Mann and Franz Kafka. Other notable publications included ''The Third Eye'' by "Lobsang Rampa," Pierre Boulle's ''The Bridge over the River Kwai'', Adolf Hitler's ''Mein Kampf'' and William Shirer's ''The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich''. ==Life== Warburg was born on 27 November 1898 to John Cimon Warburg (1867, London - 1931, London), a photographer, and his wife Violet Amalia (1868 - ) (''née'' Sichel), both of Jewish descent. John Cimon was the oldest son of Fredric Elias Warburg (1832, Gothenburg, Sweden - 1899, London) and Emma (1844–1925) (''née'' Raphael). At the age of nine Fredric Warburg was sent to Wilkinson's boys' preparatory school. He later won a scholarship to Westminster School. He recalled his first two years there as "among the most hateful of my life".〔Fredric Warburg, ''An Occupation for Gentlemen'', London: Hutchinson, 1959, p. 30.〕 While he excelled academically, as a Jew he often felt an outsider. He found refuge and solace in his love of books. In summer 1917 Warburg was commissioned to serve as an officer in the Royal Artillery. He was stationed in the Ypres area until the end of the war. After the war he began studying chemistry at Christ Church, Oxford, but later switched to classics and philosophy, receiving his MA in 1922. Warburg's first marriage (5 July 1922), to May Nellie Holt (born May 1902), produced three sons: David (born in 1923), Hew Francis (born 8 April 1925, died 10 April 1983) and Jeremy Fredric (born 14 October 1928, died 9 June 1986). The marriage ended in divorce in 1932 and on 21 January 1933 Warburg married the painter and designer Pamela Bryer (née de Bayou, widowed) (born in 1905). They had a son who died of a brain haemorrhage within twenty-four hours of his birth on 13 March 1933. During the Second World War Warburg served as a corporal in the Home Guard, in the same section in which Orwell held the rank of sergeant. Fredric Warburg died of heart failure at University College Hospital, London, on 25 May 1981 at the age of 82. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Fredric Warburg」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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